At this time of year, it is relatively simple to identify plants with possible Psa symptoms. It may be a little early for leaf spotting to be visible, although we have had a report this week of leaf spotting on a very early hi-caned Hayward orchard. Some growers on Psa-V positive G3 orchards are currently seeing exudate in buds and joints on their vines. Generally, look out for canes with wilted/missing buds and then examine these closer to see the reason why this may have occurred. Some canes may just have delayed bud break, but on those with Psa, the buds will be mushy or may even be oozing. Red exudate may also be evident at cane joints or along the leader on older Hayward male varieties.