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Psa-V

Psa-V

Psa-V Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is a bacteria that can result in the death of kiwifruit vines. It was first discovered in New Zealand in November 2010 and rapidly caused widespread and severe impacts to New Zealand's kiwifruit industry.

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Past Psa-V resources


The kiwifruit industry has been at the forefront of biosecurity and pest management for many years. This proactiveness and future thinking continues with implementation of of the industry’s Pathway Management Plan.

With the introduction of the new Plan, the industry moved into a new phase of Psa protection and longer-term management from 1 April 2023.

Psa continues to be managed in the same way, by the industry working collectively at an orchard, regional and national level to reduce spread and impacts, and ensure best practice for day-to-day management of the pathogen on-orchard.

To ensure the very best support for growers moving forward through this new phase there are changes in some responsibilities. To be consistent with other crop protection responsibilities for pests already present in New Zealand, Zespri now coordinates support to growers to manage the impact of Psa on-orchard and updates industry resources and tools to promote Psa management best practice. View these on the Zespri Canopy website here.

As the industry's dedicated biosecurity body KVH retains all high-risk management of Psa and preparedness for any new variants.


Psa resources produced by KVH pre 1 April 2023

Below you will find several Psa resources and pieces of information and advice that were produced by KVH prior to the 2023 move into a new phase of longer term management and the introduction of the Pathway Management Plan.

If you have any questions about these resources and their past usage, please contact KVH at [email protected] or 0800 665 825.

The Biosecurity (National Psa-V Pest Management Plan) Order 2013 commenced Friday 17 May 2013 for a 10 year term. Detailed information is available here, or you can read the KVH summary.

Read more about development of the Pathway Management Plan, which replaced the NPMP.

Psa best practice

Psa spray information

Psa protectant products

Information about the five categories of products (copper, bactericides, elicitors, biological control agents, and CPPU).

Psa cut out: orchard assessment

Psa cut out: resources for teams

Psa orchard hygiene posters

English - Maori - Hindi - Nepalese - Punjabi - Samoan - Spanish - Thai - Simplified Chinese - Tongan

A short instructional hygiene video was also produced in English and Punjabi.

Psa risk compass infographic posters

The Psa-V risk compass provided infographic-style poster presentations of key issues for consideration when developing and implementing strategies for managing Psa-V.

Male management

Male vines appear more susceptible to Psa than female vines. Choice of cultivar and careful cultural management of male vines are important in minimising productivity impacts of Psa on orchards.

Psa research and development

KVH and Zespri innovation established in early 2011 a global research and development programme that enlisted the best scientific minds globally to provide solutions. This created a toolbox for managing Psa, and our understanding of appropriate plant husbandry progressed significantly.

Between 2011 and 2023, many reports and papers were published for the kiwifruit industry on the KVH website.

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LATEST NEWS

21 Aug 2026

2026 AGM results

The KVH Annual General Meeting (AGM) took place Thursday, 20 August. We extend our thanks to everyone who attended and participated in the voting process. All resolutions presented at the meeting were approved and are listed below. As Simon Cook is retiring from the KVH Board there was a vacancy and we extend our congratulations to David Tanner on his successful election as Grower Director. Resolutions passed The minutes from the 2025 AGM received approval. Both the Chair and Chief Executive’s reports were accepted. The performance report for 2025/26 was approved. Levy rates for the Biosecurity (Readiness and Response) and the Biosecurity (Kiwifruit National Pathway Management Plan) were confirmed. The budget for 2027/28 was approved. Directors’ fees will increase by 2.9% for the 2026/27 financial year and a new allowance for the Audit and Risk Management Committee Chair was approved. BDO has been reappointed as auditor for the 2026/27 financial year. David Tanner was elected as Grower Director for a three-year term. If you have questions regarding the AGM results, please contact us or speak with a KVH Director.

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10 Aug 2026

Symposium showcased the best in biosecurity

Around 100 growers, post-harvest representatives, researchers, government partners and biosecurity professionals came together at Bay Oval last week for the 2026 KVH Biosecurity Symposium, united by a shared goal of keeping the New Zealand kiwifruit industry prepared for future biosecurity threats. Held every two years, this year's event focused on the theme Staying ahead of the invasion curve, highlighting the importance of proactive readiness, rapid response and strong collaboration across the industry and our biosecurity system. The programme featured a strong line-up of New Zealand and Australian guest experts sharing lessons from real-world incursions, emerging threats, surveillance programmes, research initiatives and response experiences. Highlights included John Kean from the Bioeconomy Science Institute (BSI) and Andrew Robinson from the Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis (CEBRA) in Melbourne presenting a new science-based approach to optimising biosecurity surveillance for the kiwifruit industry, designed to strengthen early detection of exotic pests and diseases. Attendees also heard from Scott Sinclair from Biosecurity New Zealand on yellow-legged hornet detection tools and surveillance operations, Leanne Erakovic from the Australian Banana Growers’ Council on the global challenge of Panama disease TR4 in bananas, Aaron Dodd from the Australian Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry on their evolving approach to brown marmorated stink bug surveillance, and Dr Jon Sullivan from Lincoln University on lessons learned from 25 years of wild kiwifruit control. Research and innovation were a major focus, with Rebecca Burns outlining Zespri Innovation's approach to building biosecurity readiness across high-risk threats, generic readiness and emerging risks, while Beccy Ganley spoke to research from Better Border Biosecurity and BSI exploring how new technologies and targeted research can help strengthen New Zealand's biosecurity system. Day two saw participants take part in an interactive Fruit Fly Council workshop, testing how the horticulture sector would maintain supply chains during a fruit fly incursion. The exercise explored the impacts of movement controls and export restrictions, while identifying opportunities to further improve preparedness across the industry. Thank you to everyone who attended and contributed to making this year's Symposium such a valuable event. It was a fantastic opportunity to share knowledge, strengthen connections across the biosecurity network, and reinforce the readiness needed to protect New Zealand's kiwifruit industry from exotic threats. A special thank you to our event sponsors, without whom we would not have been able to offer the Symposium. Thank you to Horticentre Charitable Trust; the Bioeconomy Science Institute; Zespri; NZKGI; Onside; Fruitfed Supplies; and the Port of Tauranga for the support and presence throughout the event. See images from the event here and if you'd like a copy of the slides from the day please email us. We’ll also have a more extensive article about the Symposium in the next issue of the Kiwifruit Journal.

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14 Aug 2026

Increase in fruit fly traps

Exotic fruit flies are one of our industry’s biggest biosecurity threats and kiwifruit growers know better than anyone the threat they pose – as proven by the importance placed on the workshop at the recent Symposium. To help manage this threat, Biosecurity New Zealand undertakes national surveillance for exotic fruit flies. Delivered by AsureQuality for more than 30 years, the programme is designed to detect exotic fruit flies that make it into New Zealand. Detections through this programme have triggered 16 successful biosecurity responses since 1990, stopping unwanted fruit fly species from establishing here. The surveillance programme has operated since the 1970s and currently includes more than 7800 traps nationwide. To strengthen surveillance further, Biosecurity New Zealand plans to expand the network by more than 1100 traps during the 2026-27 high-risk season, bringing the total to around 9000 traps. The additional traps will be focused on areas of urban growth in the upper North Island, where conditions are most suitable for many fruit fly species. New traps will be installed in Auckland, Hamilton, Tauranga and Hawke's Bay. Additional trapping will also be introduced around Hamilton and Dunedin airports following the recent resumption of international flights from Australia. AsureQuality field officers will be identifying new trap locations over the coming weeks. If your property is selected as a potential site, you may be contacted about hosting a trap. If kiwifruit growers are visited by AsureQuality and have any further queries or would like any information or resources from KVH, please don’t hesitate to get in touch for guidance. As always, if you see something suspicious – catch it or photograph it if safe to do so and report it to Biosecurity New Zealand on 0800 809 966 or KVH on 0800 665 825.

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